Flooding is Canada’s most costly and frequent natural hazard. Floods can occur at any time of year and can be caused by events such as heavy rainfall, melting snow, ice jams, coastal storm surges, tsunamis, seiches, tidal events, and groundwater flooding. Flooding is a natural process that can be helpful in nature, but flooding becomes dangerous when it affects populated areas.
Why prepare for floods
Floods can occur in any region and most of Canada’s population lives in areas that are at risk of flooding. Over 80% of people in Canada live in urban areas, and about 80% of major Canadian cities are located wholly or partially in flood zones. Floods are the costliest natural hazard in Canada in terms of property damage. Flood risk is more common than you may think.
Seasonal flooding also poses significant risks to many Indigenous communities. Many Indigenous Peoples possess expert knowledge about their territories that can help forecast and reduce risks from floods.
What to do
Before a flood
Be sure to protect your home, educate your household, and prepare yourself in the event of a flood.
During a flood
Find out what to do if a flood is approaching your region.
After a flood
Use extreme caution when returning to your home after a flood.
Where to start
You can protect members of your household and your residence by learning more about floods and by taking proper precautions. Make sure that your household is prepared.
- Prepare your emergency kit. Learn more about what items to put in your kit, including quick and easy steps you can take right away
- Make a household emergency plan. Consider the specific needs of all members of your household, including older adults, children, pets, and anyone with special health needs
Features
Causes of flooding
Detailed information on the causes of flooding in Canada.
Flood Ready
Resources on flood risk and preparedness in Canada.
Flood Hazard Identification and Mapping Program
Mapping flood risk in Canadian communities.
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